TB疫苗给儿童的疫苗最多可保护20年后

[Kisumu，肯尼亚]一项研究表明TB疫苗可以在接受10到20年后提供约50％的保护childrenof school-going age.

According to UK-based researchers who conducted the study, the finding offers new insight in controlling TB in low resource settings.

这项研究是在学校向英格兰的一般人口中10至30年的一般人口进行的研究国际流行病学杂志8月31日。

“Good services that successfully test and offer BCG to close contacts that are not infected and have not yet had BCG will help.”

Punam Mangtani, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

The researchers compared 677 people who were diagnosed with TB between 2003 and 2012 with 1,170 people without a previous history of thedisease。

然后，研究人员检查了两组中的成年人，用于BCG，疫苗接种疤痕，并询问其疫苗接种病史。他们发现，总体而言，结核病患者在上学时更有可能未接受BCG疫苗接种。

“School-aged BCG vaccination offered moderate protection against tuberculosis for at least 20 years, which is longer than previously thought,” the researchers say. “This has implications for assessing the cost-effectiveness of BCG vaccination and when evaluating new TB vaccines.”

Punam Mangtani, co-author of the study and an associate professor of epidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, tellsscidev.net尽管有几个试验并且在开发中存在大约13种新的结核病疫苗，找到新的结核病疫苗是一项挑战，从而提供了唯一有许可的结核病疫苗提供的额外保护。

根据Mangtani的说法，该研究提供了有关BCG疫苗接种的有用性的洞察力，尤其是在低资源设置中：“成功测试并提供BCG的优质服务可以关闭未感染并且尚未感染的接触，并且尚未拥有BCG将有助于降低向人们传播的风险。”

但她解释道,如果结核病治疗的成本not fully covered by health services, then it translates to a double burden economically, especially for the vulnerable poor.

伦敦卫生学院的一份声明说，结核病风险很高，但疫苗接种覆盖范围很低，例如中非和西非的部分地区，东亚和太平洋地区。

According to the WHO, there were about ten million new cases of TB worldwide in 2015, with China, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan and South Africa accounting for 60 per cent of them.

The WHO adds that in 2015, the proportion of TB patients who died ranged from less than five per cent in a few countries to more than 20 per cent in most African countries.

肯尼亚医学培训学院校园的医生，兼职讲师约翰·凯姆（John Kembe）说，发现可以给予BCG的发现children在这个多药阻抗结核病和HIV/TB共同感染的时代，需要探索12-13岁的历史，此后需要探索提供保护。

“This could mean the young generation would be offered some protection at a time when they are likely to get TB andHIV, especially in countries like Kenya,” Kembe says.

This piece was produced by SciDev.Net’s Sub-Saharan Africa English desk.