无人机安全检查火山排放

[NEW YORK] Specially outfitted drones are helping scientists get close to active volcanoes in a quest to measure and better understand their carbon dioxide emissions.

作为上述（火山排放的天气观测）项目的一部分，使用无人机和微型气体采样设备，研究人员能够测量巴布亚新几内亚的Manam和Rabaul火山的排放。传统地面的这些活火山很难进入technologies。

“The data contributes to our understanding of the global carbon cycle and the natural emissions of carbon dioxide from volcanoes”

基兰·伍德（Kieran Wood），布里斯托尔大学

Team memberKieran Wood，大四研究航空航天合伙人engineeringdepartment at theUniversity of Bristol英国，与空中机器人技术合作，以遥感beplay足球体育的微博, says the latest work focused on quantifying the carbon dioxide flux emitted by Manam.

manam，以前被确定为基于卫星的二氧化硫的前十名发射器之一数据怀疑也对二氧化碳也有显着贡献。这发现were published 30 October in科学进步。

Satellite image of Manam Volcano in Papua New Guinea on 21 March 2017.
Image credit:Antti Lipponen（CC由2.0）。

According to the researchers, volcanic emissions are critical to the Earth’s carbon cycle. But carbon dioxide measurements have so far been limited to a relatively small number of the world’s estimated 500 degassing volcanoes. Measurements need to be collected very close to active vents and, for hazardous volcanoes like Manam, drones are the only safe solution.

Separately, calculating the ratio between sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide in a volcano’s emission is critical in predicting when an eruption is likely to take place. The researchers could capture gas samples and analyse them within hours by flying drones two kilometres high and equipped with gas sensors, spectrometers and direct sampling devices.

伍德说，在大型的活火山（例如马纳姆）中，“它变得太危险了，太困难了，无法步行地登上火山并在活动通风口附近工作。无人机可以克服这些挑战，因为所有操作员都可以位于十公里之外，而无人机可以飞越困难的火山地形”。

“Drones have been used in other studies, but this project brought together most of the world's experts all in one place, and also simultaneously used complementary remoting sensing techniques from ground cameras and satellite data,” says Wood. “The data contributes to our understanding of the global carbon cycle and the natural emissions of carbon dioxide from volcanoes.”

A second focus of the study was to develop new technology and methods. “By gathering all of the world’s experts in one location, we were able to share our expertise with each other very effectively leading to a much better understanding of the art of the possible,” says Wood.

杰西卡·怀特塞德（Jessica Whiteside）, an associate professor of geochemistry at the National Oceanography Centre,University of Southampton, UK, tellsscidev.netthat “extensive volcanism in the Earth’s deep past are literally and metaphorically hot topics because they are associated with mass extinctions, widespread upheaval to life and are pivotal points in evolution.”

WhiteSide说：“解开当前世界中火山碳排放的控制提供了有关气候如何改变的洞察力，因此可以为我们未来的变暖世界提供教训。”“全球火山主义弹出的总碳是由人类活动支配的总数的一小部分（不到总数）。在仅几百年的时间里，人类的行为就像成千上万的火山。”

这件作品最初是由Scidev.net的Asia＆Pacific Desk生产的。