29/11/19

Microloans make farming profitable for Kenyan smallholders

CASA-微观增强产量 - 主要
Seeds, tools and practical advice can make a world of difference to small-scale farmers. Copyright: One Acre Fund

速度阅读

  • Farmers in Kenya report increased yields after signing up to microloan scheme
  • 诸如一英亩基金和Myagro之类的团体使小小的持有人获得财务和农业意见
  • 更多的investment is essential to help small-scale farmers reach their potential

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本文由CASA计划

For 40-year-old Beatrice Mulwale, a smallholder farmer from western Kenya, poor yields and low income had been par for the course for most of her farming life.

来自Kakamega镇附近偏远地区Lubao的兼职裁缝开始了耕种,提供了辅助收入来源,以喂养和给她四个孩子。但是她说这总是导致失望。

她说,这一切都改变了,当她在2013年被介绍给一英亩基金会时,这是一个基于肯尼亚的项目,旨在帮助撒哈拉以南非洲以外的小农户利用他们的少量,以农场投入的形式提供贷款,例如作为种子和肥料,以及现代农业技术的培训。

“这些贷款对像我们这样的贫穷农民来说是非常负担得起的,因为它们一旦我们设法通过收获来解决我们的生活,这给了我们足够的时间来偿还它,”

肯尼亚的小农户盖塔诺·米利木(Gaitano Milimu)

“Before I joined One Acre Fund, I had a lot of problems. Getting seedlings was a problem and there was no one to advise me on proper farming methods,” says Mulwale. “But now that I have joined them, things are good because they have taught us how to farm and they also provide us with seedlings on time after which we repay them gradually.”

六十二岁的莫里斯·卢贝姆(Maurice Lubembe)讲述了一个类似的故事:当他意识到独自耕种不足以照顾他的妻子和六个孩子时,他冒险进入木工。

“I own 2.5 acres of land out of which I use about 2 acres for farming,” he says. “Initially, life was very hard for me as a farmer as I could only manage to harvest one bag of maize from a whole acre of land. To me, that amount of maize wasn’t worth selling, and I used it to feed my family, but it still that wasn’t enough for us… we lacked enough food back then.”

Since joining One Acre Fund in 2009 he says his life is greatly improved and he is able to take care of his family. “I can easily harvest as much as 12 bags of maize from only half an acre of land,” Lubembe says. “One Acre Fund has also enabled me to build a house for my family and school all my children who are now grown up.”

装备农民

缺乏获得高质量农场的投入和有关最佳农业实践的信息是这样的严重问题,例如这些农民,他们的斗争是撒哈拉以南非洲小农民的典型斗争。

根据联合国食品和农业组织(粮农组织beplay下载官网西西软件)世界各地至少有4亿小农户,他们生产了大约80%在非洲和亚洲食用的食物。

但是,通常被政府忽视,其中许多小型农民在贫困中苦苦挣扎,因为他们缺乏适当的农业技术和投入来生产足够的人来维持家人。粮农组织说,非洲的小农户通常对涉及其生活或影响农业生产的政策几乎没有控制权。

一英亩基金是许多非营利组织之一,试图通过金融和微货币计划来缓解这一问题并改善农民的生活。

卢比奥(Lubao)是一个以狗贸易而闻名的小镇,但由于一英亩基金的投入,穆尔瓦莱(Mulwale)和卢贝姆(Lubembe)等居民能够从农场找到一种更有利可图的生活方式。除种子和肥料信用外,农民还可以收到手机,太阳能灯和节能杰科斯(炉灶)等工具。

社会企业能够通过农民的贷款和捐助组织的资金来维持自己,例如Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation,全球创新基金会和Barr Foundation。

该组织的肯尼亚传播协调员Winnie Akiso告诉SciDev.Netthat One Acre Fund had only about 40 farmers when it first began, but today has over 300,000 enrolled in Kenya alone. It also works with farmers in Burundi, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.

Akiso补充说:“我们刚刚开始我们的2020赛季入学率,希望能与我们一起参与更多农民。”

鼓励农民参加小组,以便他们可以在种植,除草和收获期间相互支持并降低成本。Akiso说:“这些团体在偿还贷款方面也很重要,因为他们可以在见面时为还款捐款。”

Gaitano Milimu, another Kenyan farmer who turned to the organisation for support, tellsSciDev.Net:“这些贷款对像我们这样的贫穷农民来说是相当负担得起的,因为它们一旦我们设法通过收获来解决我们的生活。

提高产量和利润

Anushka Ratnayake is founder and CEO of myAgro, another organisation which helps small-scale farmers access finance. She says that smallholder farmers in Africa contribute greatly to feeding their nations yet remain among the poorest groups of people on the continent.

“Most of the governments in Sub-Saharan Africa fail in their role to assist smallholder farmers with access to farm inputs, and this is where micro-finance and other small credit and loans organisations come in handy,” she tellsSciDev.Net

Myagro帮助农民在基于可在当地商店购买的刮擦卡的无债品储蓄计划中稍作节省。

Ratnayake说:“农民购买了刮擦卡并将代码发短信给他们的手机,之后,他们的Myagro帐户自动加载了等于他们所花费的钱的信用。”她补充说,一旦他们在账户中节省了足够的账户,Myagro就会在种植季节开始之前对最佳农业方法进行种子,肥料和一对一的培训。

“Farmers who have registered with myAgro also have the additional advantage of receiving news on agricultural trends and the best market seasons through their phones,” explains Ratnayake, adding that their farmers have reported a 50 per cent increase in production and profits.

拉特纳克(Ratnayake)和阿基索(Akiso)都同意,政府应该考虑在小农户中投资更多,因为他们在这些农民蓬勃发展时也将受益。

乔莫·肯雅塔(Jomo Kenyatta)农业与技术大学土地资源系主任克利福德·奥比耶罗(Clifford Obiero)认为,缺乏足够的政府支持是当今肯尼亚小农户苦难的主要原因beplay下载官网西西软件。

“Policymakers need to be at the forefront in enlightening people on the importance of technology in the field of agriculture today,” he tellsSciDev.Net。“由于今天可以访问手机,农民不再需要在高息贷款银行或长途旅行以获取有关农业技术的信息。”

他补充说,非洲政府应该意识到这些小型农民在经济发展中的潜力,并成为第一个支持他们在农业努力中的人。

The CASA programme (Commercial Agriculture for Smallholders and Agribusiness) aims to increase global investment in agribusinesses which trade with smallholders in equitable commercial relationships, increasing smallholders’ incomes and climate resilience. Visitwww.casaprogramme.com为了信息和资源