联合国峰会要求对气候友好的食品系统

联合国已敦促世界紧急审查其食物生产和消费模式为了拯救地球，在争议和抵制的地标峰会上。

In a keynote speech at the historic UN Food Systems Summit held online on Thursday, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said the world must adopt natural alternatives to industrial农业practises that protect the planet as it battles rising hunger,营养不良and obesity.

古特雷斯（Guterres）在联合国大会在纽约大会的场上举行的峰会上对代表说：“有可能养活不断增长的全球人口，仍然保护环境。”beplay足球体育的微博

“无论如何，穷人的需求是可行的，易于实施的政策，这些政策会立即影响他们的生活，而不是在这种独家高水平上讨论的一些崇高的想法。”

Michael Fakhri, lead UN independent expert on the right to food

“It takes the smart, sustainable management of natural resources — from farms to fisheries,” he added, urging countries to go to COP26 in Glasgow with “bold, targeted plans to keep the promise of the Paris Agreement”.

Sustainable, or climate-smart agriculture seeks to use techniques such as using different types of plants side-by-side to reduce the need for pesticides and industrial equipment.

古特雷斯说，目前，食品系统占所有温室气体排放的三分之一，并负责多达80％的生物多样性损失。

他补充说，可持续食品系统将是到2030年实现联合国可持续发展目标（SDG）的主要渠道。

峰会是涉及政治领导人，农业企业，社区和民间社会的18个月讨论的结晶，以绘制148个国家粮食系统未来的途径。

它所说的使命是释放“雄心勃勃的新行动，创新和计划”，以改变全球粮食系统并利用这些变化来实现所有可持续发展目标的进展。

科学和创新被誉为实现如此激进的转变至关重要。

Joachim von Braun, chair of the summit’s scientific group, said that “food systems can and must be climate neutral”, adding: “Most food systems are not sustainable. Therefore science must not only address production and consumption or the value chain, but the whole food system.”

他还强调了全球食品体系中土著知识和人权（包括食品权）的重要性。

这峰会被抵制但是，由于许多民间社会团体和科学家声称大型农业综合企业是峰会过程不可或缺的，而牺牲了小规模的生产者和土著人民，而联合国则强烈否认了这一点。

非政府组织HealthRight International的肯尼亚国家局长彼得·奥沃斯（Peter Ofware）不相信这些会谈使最受食品系统影响的人受益。

“粮食系统受到最严重影响的是在非洲贫困农村环境中的孕妇和幼儿。我不确定它们是如何在峰会上代表的。”scidev.net。

“无论如何，穷人的需求是可行的，易于实施的政策，这些政策会立即影响他们的生活，而不是在这种独家高水平上讨论的一些崇高的想法。”

Michael Fakhri, the leading UN independent expert on the right to food, delivered a scathing verdict on the summit, declaring it had categorically failed.

“ Covid-19尚未参加峰会议程。政府和企业对大流行的反应太慢，使全世界数百万的人陷入饥饿和贫困。”他在Twitter上发布的一段视频中说。

Agnes Kalibata, the UN Secretary-General’s special envoy for the summit, called for more youth and women’s involvement in global food systems, echoing the slogan “nothing is for us without us” adopted by young people at the summit.

“We need to work together all of us, including women and youth, to embrace a global food system that works and benefits all of us,” she said at the summit opening.

But investment will be needed to meet the actions targeted and scientists have highlighted the need for问责机制让政府账户。

加纳总统纳娜·阿库福·阿多（Nana Akufo-Addo）是众多全球南方领导人之一，他们承诺改革其国家粮食系统以与联合国提案保持一致。

“Our current food system does not assure sustainability, safety, equity, access and health and must therefore be reformed,” Addo said.

He listed a raft of measures, including increasing production of climate resilient varieties of vegetables, legumes, fruits and bio-fortified cereals by 40 per cent using sustainable agricultural methods, and developing and implementing food-based guidelines by 2022.

This piece was produced by SciDev.Net’s Global edition desk.