03/04/18

基因组模型预测香蕉繁殖的时间较短

A man with a hoe stands in a banana plantation
A man with a hoe stands in a banana plantation Copyright: Panos

Speed read

  • Banana breeding takes up to 20 years
  • 基因组预测模型可以减少缩短繁殖时间
  • New varieties will first need testing on farms and in market

Send to a friend

这details you provide on this page will not be used to send unsolicited email, and will not be sold to a 3rd party. See privacy policy.

[内罗毕]科学家已经通过基因组prediction models that it is possible to speed up banana breeding, giving hope to breeders and smallholders looking for improved varieties.

香蕉是撒哈拉以南非洲(尤其是东非的人)的重要主食作物。

在一个study出版于植物基因组上个月(3月2日),研究人员收集了data在乌干达的两个领域,在低水平和高输入现场管理条件下,在乌干达的两个领域中生长的307种香蕉类型的关键特征。这些数据涵盖了2013年至2016年的两个农作物周期。

“Banana breeding is a lengthy and costly process, taking up to 20 years to deliver improved varieties to farmers.”

穆斯·奈恩(Moses Nyine),乌干达国际热带农业研究所beplay下载官网西西软件

研究人员将水果植物的特征分为五个类别:植物身材,吮吸行为,耐黑叶条纹,水果束和水果填充。然后,他们绘制了DNA差异,并评估了六个基因组预测模型使用交叉验证来鉴定具有最佳性状的香蕉的能力。

“The results demonstrate that genomic prediction is possible in banana breeding and the prediction accuracy can be improved by using models based on data from many different environments,” says Moses Nyine, a research scientist at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Uganda, and a co-author of the study.

他的团队发现基因组预测的准确性高于75%。

Nyine补充说:“香蕉育种是一个漫长而昂贵的过程,最多需要20年才能为农民提供改进的品种。”但是,育种者可以提高繁殖效率,减少提供高产物和抗病性品种所需的成本和时间farmers, he says.

肯尼亚内罗毕大学的植物育种和遗传学教授保罗·基曼尼(Paul Kimani)告诉scidev.netthat the study demonstrates simultaneous selection of multiple traits of importance not only to farmers but also to others along the value chain.

But much more needs to be done to assess performance of new varieties on the farm and in the market place, according to Kimani.

他指出:“分子繁殖者经常忽略的一点是,开发新品种的缩短时间有些夸张。”“例如,这项研究表明,使用综合基因组选择开发杂种大约需要三到五年,而常规育种则需要11 - 14年。但是实际上,这个时期可能大约是八到13年的基因组选择。”

This is because the new hybrids still need evaluation in several locations and on farms, as well as consumer acceptability studies – a process that can take an additional three to four years.

这件作品由Scidev.net的撒哈拉以南非洲英语桌子制作。