08/04/20

富裕国家“突袭”发展中国家的护士

斯里兰卡护士 - 主要
在斯里兰卡的拉特纳普拉接受培训的护士。护理人员的分布存在全球差异。版权:驼鹿(CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)This image has been cropped.

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  • 世界上的第一个状态护理报告突出了富人和穷国的护理水平之间的差异
  • 到2030年,人数不足的地区将缺少570万护士
  • Poor working conditions and payment driving migration to OECD countries

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Rich countries are ‘raiding’ nurses from their lower-income neighbours, a global nursing organisation says, leaving parts of the global South with less than 900 nurses for every one million people.

第一个世界护理状态报告,与世界健康日相吻合的时间,描绘了富人和贫穷国家卫生系统之间差异的鲜明图片。

全球的imbalances of critical nursing staff are being exacerbated by the failure of developed countries to educate and train their own nurses, say the report’s authors.

保留与招聘一样重要。保留意味着我们必须更加认真地改善工作条件。”

Howard Catton, chief executive, International Council of Nurses

欧洲和美洲平均每10,000人约有81名护士。在西太平洋,比率是36名护士,每10,000人。

但是在非洲,每10,000人只有8.7名护士,在东南亚和东地中海只有16名护士。

“Eighty per cent of the world’s nurses only currently serve 50 per cent of the world’s population,” says Mary Watkins, alternate chair at Nursing Now, which co-produced the report with the International Council of Nurses (ICN) and the World Health Organization.

报告估计,这些人手不足的地区将在2030年缺少570万护士。

ICN首席执行官霍华德·卡顿(Howard Catton)说:“这是超过20%的短缺,但我们知道,由于我们拥有的竞争,它在某些领域甚至更高。”

全球的Nurses map
世界护理2020年,第44页

数据from the OECD (the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) shows thenumber of foreign-trained nursesin wealthy states increased more than 20 per cent between 2006 and 2016.

卡顿说:“我们在高收入国家的移民方面有过度依赖。”

“We know migration has been a problem for a while, and it looks like it could be set to be worse, also because of the ageing populations in the EU and America.

“If they raid low- and middle-income countries it will exacerbate shortages and maldistribution."

The report provides evidence needed for investment in the health workforce and nursing, and can help inform where the money should go to have the biggest population health impact, says the WHO’s Carey McCarthy.

她补充说,数据指向重大不平等和绊脚石。

Working conditions in many countries “range from woeful to shameful”, says Catton. Nurses in Zimbabwe earn about US$60 a month, he says, while exhausted nurses in under-resourced systems suffer high levels of stress and burnout, making migration more attractive.

保留与招聘一样重要。保留意味着我们必须采取更加认真的改善工作条件,”卡顿说。

Resourcing, recruitment, retention and ongoing training are brought into sharp focus by the report, Nursing and Midwifery Council chief executive Andrea Sutcliffe says, particularly as COVID-19 frontline nurses and midwives are “laying down their lives while doing their utmost to care for the rest of us”.

A Lancet editorial描述了护理报告,第三世界助产士明年到期的报告至关重要,为全球关于关怀,福祉,工作价值和平等的对话奠定了基础。

“尽管护士和助产士对于为所有人提供健康至关重要,但很明显,全球卫生和医疗社区没有使用护理和助产士的全部潜力,”The Lancet说。

“An inescapable conclusion is that this is due to gender bias and the low value placed on women's work, which characterises these so-called feminised professions.”