17/01/11

吃昆虫“可以减少温室气体排放”

在世界许多地方,吃昆虫很常见:Flickr/Katesheets

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研究人员说,在板球,蝗虫甚至蟑螂上用餐,而不是牲畜或猪,可以缓解粮食不安全和气候变化。

在发展中国家中,捕获在野外的昆虫已经被广泛食用。现在的一项研究表明,大规模耕种食物的耕种将损害环境远远小于同等的牲畜生产。beplay足球体育的微博

科学家比较了牲畜和昆虫,温室气体和一氧化二氮的排放,它们的变暖作用比二氧化碳具有更大的变暖作用。他们还测量了氨产生,这通过酸化土壤和水来损害环境。beplay足球体育的微博

他们饲养了粉虫,蝗虫和板球,所有这些都在世界各地消耗,以及阳光甲虫和蟑螂,尽管它们潜力作为蛋白质来源,但它们仍不吃,同时监测每公斤昆虫产生的气体量生长。

Compared to cattle, weight for weight, insects emitted 80 times less methane — a gas with 25 times more impact on global temperature levels than carbon dioxide.

板球的产生的氨比猪少8-12倍。

According to the study’s lead author, Dennis Oonincx, an entomologist from Wageningen University in the Netherlands, 80 per cent of the world’s population eats insects, particularly in the developing world.

Oonincx说:“这是那里菜单的正常部分。”“如果您查看非洲的Mopane [“蠕虫”或Edible Caterpillar]行业,那就是一百万美元的业务。”

Most of these insects are harvested live in the wild, so collection is subject to seasonal variation — they are only farmed in a few countries, he said.

该论文的合着者兼热带昆虫学教授Arnold Van Huis帮助制定了食品和农业组织(FAO)关于食用昆虫的政策。beplay下载官网西西软件

他说,它们是“应培养的优质食物来源……应该被培养”,并作为牛的替代品。

“I don’t think we can continue eating beef like we did in the past and the FAO has already predicted that in 2050 it will become so expensive no-one [will be able to] pay for it any more."

In Kenya, Monica Ayieko, a family and consumer economist at Maseno University, is studying insect production but said the ‘Westernisation’ of diets could pose an obstacle to encouraging consumption.

肯尼亚国际牲畜研究所的发言人,该研究所于去年发表了一篇论文提高牛种植的碳效率, said that it recognises the value of widening the use of nutritious insects in poor communities. But "no one solution — livestock or otherwise — is going to provide sufficient food and do so sustainably".

Link to full paper inPLoS ONE

参考

PLoS ONEdoi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014445(2001)